1 Samuel 13:6

Authorized King James Version

When the men of Israel saw that they were in a strait, (for the people were distressed,) then the people did hide themselves in caves, and in thickets, and in rocks, and in high places, and in pits.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאִ֨ישׁ
When the men
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#2
יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#3
רָאוּ֙
saw
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#4
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#5
צַר
that they were in a strait
to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive
#6
ל֔וֹ
H0
#7
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#8
נִגַּ֖שׂ
were distressed
to drive (an animal, a workman, a debtor, an army); by implication, to tax, harass, tyrannize
#9
הָעָ֗ם
for the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#10
וַיִּֽתְחַבְּא֣וּ
did hide
to secrete
#11
הָעָ֗ם
for the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#12
בַּמְּעָר֤וֹת
themselves in caves
a cavern (as dark)
#13
וּבַֽחֲוָחִים֙
a thorn; by analogy, a ring for the nose
#14
וּבַסְּלָעִ֔ים
and in rocks
a craggy rock, literally or figuratively (a fortress)
#15
וּבַצְּרִחִ֖ים
and in high places
a citadel
#16
וּבַבֹּרֽוֹת׃
and in pits
a pit hole (especially one used as a cistern or a prison)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of covenant community reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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